Refractory Plasmonic Material based Floating Solar Still for Simultaneous Desalination and Electricity Generation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Established desalination technologies such as thermal distillation and reverse osmosis require advanced infrastructure and costly installation limiting their widespread implementation. Floating interfacial solar evaporation devices are considered a land-saving, environmentally friendly, and low infrastructure approach for freshwater production. Addressing issues related to maximum heat localization, prevention of salt accumulation and operating under stressful environmental conditions are some of the major challenges with floating solar desalination. This project presents an experimental demonstration of a plasmonic TiC nanoparticle-based floating solar still that can operate continuously under sunlight to produce clean water while floating on saline water sources. All materials, such as the PVC plastic condensation dome, EVA foam support, cotton wicks, and polyester filter fabric were chosen carefully to maximize the freshwater output of the solar still. The outdoor experiments were conducted in Halifax, Canada, where modest solar insolation of around 6 kW m-2 day-1 led to daily water yields up to 3.67 L m-2. The water can be produced at costs as low as $0.0086 L-1, and the solar still can be easily modified to generate thermoelectricity. This could allow for small onboard devices to test water quality without the need for an external electricity source. The results of this study will contribute to further development of floating solar desalination to provide potable water for water-stressed communities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".