Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a novel, non-thermal ablation procedure used for treating small renal masses (SMR), such as renal cell carcinomas (RCC).This prospective case series explores IRE's effectiveness and six-year outcomes in patients with difficult-to-treat RCC.We report tumor-free survival (TFS) and document complications and renal function changes.Methods: IRE was offered to patients with a biopsy-confirmed RCC in a solitary kidney, von Hippel Lindau syndrome, or a difficult-to-treat RCC that was deemed amenable only to radical nephrectomy for tumor control.Followup protocol at three, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 months post-IRE included creatinine, eGFR, and gadolinium-enhanced MRI to monitor for residual or recurrent disease.Results: Twenty-seven biopsy-proven RCC were treated in 27 patients.The median followup time was 42 months (range 3-72).Post-IRE, six patients experienced immediate adverse events (AE): four transient hematuria (Clavien-Dindo grade [CD] 1), one hematoma requiring transfusion (CD 2), and one PE (CD 2).One patient received a ureteral stent for a delayed ureteral stricture (CD 3a).At three months, residual tumors were found in five patients, making a treatment success rate of 81.5%.Four patients were managed with salvage thermal ablation (three microwave [MWA], one radiofrequency) and one patient underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy (LN).Four patients with recurrent RCC (mean time of 21 months) were managed with surveillance, MWA, and LN.No patient developed metastasis.The six-year TFS rate was 79.3%, with no deaths due to RCC.The average eGFR decline at 12 and 72 months was nine and 6.3 mL/min/1.73m2, respectively.Conclusions: This study demonstrates that patients with difficult-to-treat RCCs can be treated with IRE safely and effectively.Immediate AE were limited to CD 2 and fully resolved.The procedure success rate and the six-year TFS rate suggest that IRE is a feasible option for patients with complex SRM.Larger and longer studies are needed to evaluate long-term oncologic and functional outcomes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it