Turbulent impingement jet cleaning of thick viscoplastic layers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An experimental study is conducted on the use of a normally impinging turbulent water jet (with the Reynolds number of Re≈11800), for cleaning thick layers of a Newtonian fluid and two viscoplastic fluids (i.e., transparent Carbopol solutions). The layer thickness is larger than the jet radius. Non-intrusive techniques are used to track the geometrical features of the cleaning process in real time. The effects of layer thickness and fluid yield stress on removal behavior, including cleaning radius, cavity radius, and angle, are investigated. A yield stress promotes the initial formation of a blister rather than a cavity, and the rate of removal decreases with increasing layer thickness and yield stress. A relation is presented for the growth of the cavity radius, which fits our experimental observations well. A comparative analysis of submerged and impinging jets reveals, for the first time, the role of air entrainment in the process, with bubble characteristics such as trajectory, size distribution (diameter), and velocity being determined by the yield stress.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".