Record W4399393040 · doi:10.1103/physrevd.109.112006

Evidence for <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup><mml:mo stretchy="false">→</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mi>K</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mi>ν</mml:mi><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi>ν</mml:mi><mml:mo stretchy="false">¯</mml:mo></mml:mover></mml:mrow></mml:math> decays

2024· article· lv· W4399393040 on OpenAlexfundno aff

I. Adachi, K. Adamczyk, L. Aggarwal, H. Ahmed, H. Aihara, Н. Акопов, A. Aloisio, N. Anh Ky, D. M. Asner, H. Atmacan, T. Aushev, V. Aushev, M. Aversano, V. Babu, H. Bae, S. Bahinipati, P. Bambade, Sw. Banerjee, S. Bansal, M. Barrett, J. Baudot, M. Bauer, A. Baur, A. Beaubien, F. Becherer, Jürgen Becker, P. K. Behera, J. V. Bennett, F. U. Bernlochner, V. Bertacchi, M. Bertemes, E. Bertholet, M. Bessner, S. Bettarini, B. Bhuyan, F. Bianchi, T. Bilka, D. Biswas, A. Bobrov, D. Bodrov, A. E. Bolz, J. Borah, A. Bożek, M. Bračko, P. Branchini, R. A. Briere, T. E. Browder, A. Budano, S. Bussino, M. Campajola, L. Cao, G. Casarosa, C. Cecchi, J. Cerasoli, M.-C. Chang, P. Chang, R. Cheaib, P. Cheema, V. Chekelian, C. Chen, B. G. Cheon, K. Chilikin, K. Chirapatpimol, H.-E. Cho, K. Cho, S.-J. Cho, S.-K. Choi, S. Choudhury, J. Cochran, L. Corona, L. Cremaldi, S. Cunliffe, S. Das, F. Dattola, E. De La Cruz–Burelo, S. A. De La Motte, G. De Nardo, M. De Nuccio, G. De Pietro, R. de Sangro, M. Destefanis, S. Dey, A. De Yta-Hernandez, R. Dhamija, A. Di Canto, F. Di Capua, J. Dingfelder, Z. Doležal, I. Domínguez Jiménez, T. V. Dong, M. Dorigo, K. Dort, D. Dossett, S. Dreyer, S. Dubey, G. Dujany, P. Ecker, M. Eliachevitch, D. Epifanov, Y. L. Fan, P. Feichtinger, T. Ferber, D. Ferlewicz, T. Fillinger, C. Finck, G. Finocchiaro, A. Fodor, F. Forti, B. G. Fulsom, A. Gabrielli, E. Ganiev, M. Garcia-Hernandez, A. Garmash, G. Gaudino, V. Gaur, A. Gaz, A. Gellrich, G. Ghevondyan, D. Ghosh, H. Ghumaryan, G. Giakoustidis, R. Giordano, A. Giri, A. Glazov, B. Gobbo, R. Godang, O. Gogota, P. Goldenzweig, P. Grace, W. Gradl, T. Grammatico, S. Granderath, E. Graziani, D. Greenwald, Z. Gruberová, T. Gu, Y. Guan, K. Gudkova, S. Halder, Y. Han, T. Hara, K. Hayasaka, H. Hayashii, S. Hazra, C. Hearty, M. T. Hedges, A. Heidelbach, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, M. Hernández Villanueva, A. D. Hershenhorn, T. Higuchi, E. Hill, M. Hoek, M. Hohmann, P. Horak, C.-L. Hsu, T. Humair, T. Iijima, K. Inami, G. Inguglia, N. Ipsita, A. Ishikawa, S. Ito, R. Itoh, M. Iwasaki, P. Jackson, W. W. Jacobs, D. E. Jaffe, E.-J. Jang, Q. P. Ji, S. Jia, Y. Jin, A. Johnson, K. K. Joo, H. Junkerkalefeld, H. Kakuno, M. Kaleta, D. Kalita, A. B. Kaliyar, J. Kandra, K. H. Kang, S. Kang, G. Karyan, T. Kawasaki, F. Keil, C. Ketter, C. Kiesling, C. H. Kim, D. Y. Kim, K.-H. Kim, Y.-K. Kim, H. Kindo, K. Kinoshita, P. Kodyš, T. Koga, S. Kohani, K. Kojima, T. Konno, A. Korobov, S. Korpar, E. Kovalenko, R. Kowalewski, T. M. G. Kraetzschmar, P. Križan, P. Krokovny, Y. Kulii, T. Kuhr, J. Kumar, M. Kumar, R. Kumar, K. Kumara, T. Kunigo, A. Kuzmin, Y.-J. Kwon, S. Lacaprara, Y.-T. Lai, T. Lam, J. S. Lange, M. Laurenza, K. Lautenbach, R. Leboucher, F. Le Diberder, P. Leitl, D. Levit, P. Lewis, C. Li, L. K. Li, J. Libby, Q. Y. Liu, Zhiqing Liu, D. Liventsev, S. Longo, A. Lozar, T. Lueck, T. Luo, C. Lyu, Yue Ma, M. Maggiora, S. P. Maharana, R. Maiti, G. Mancinelli, R. Manfredi, E. Manoni, A. C. Manthei, M. Mantovano, D. Marcantonio, S. Marcello, C. Mariñas, L. Martel, C. Martellini, A. Martini, T. Martinov, L. Massaccesi, M. Masuda, T. Matsuda, K. Matsuoka, D. Matvienko, S. K. Maurya, J. A. McKenna, R. Mehta, F. Meier, M. Merola, F. Metzner, M. Milesi, C. Miller, M. Mirra, K. Miyabayashi, H. Miyake, R. Mizuk, G. B. Mohanty, N. Molina-Gonzalez, S. Mondal, S. Moneta, H.-G. Moser, M. Mrvar, R. Mussa, I. Nakamura, K. R. Nakamura, M. Nakao, H. Nakazawa, Y. Nakazawa, A. Narimani Charan, M. Naruki, Z. Natkaniec, A. Natochii, L. Nayak, M. Nayak, G. Nazaryan, C. Niebuhr, N. K. Nisar, S. Nishida, S. Ogawa, Y. Onishchuk, H. Ono, Y. Onuki, P. Oskin, F. Otani, P. Pakhlov, G. Pakhlova, A. Paladino, A. Panta, E. Paoloni, S. Pardi, K. Parham, H. Park, S.-H. Park, B. Paschen, A. Passeri, S. Patra, S. Paul, T. K. Pedlar, R. Peschke, R. Pestotnik, F. Pham, M. Piccolo, L. E. Piilonen, P. L. M. Podesta-Lerma, T. Podobnik, S. Pokharel, L. Polat, C. Praz, S. Prell, E. Prencipe, M. T. Prim, M. V. Purohit, H. Purwar, N. Rad, P. Rados, G. Raeuber, S. Raiz, N. Rauls, M. Reif, S. Reiter, M. Remnev, I. Ripp-Baudot, G. Rizzo, L. B. Rizzuto, S. H. Robertson, M. Röhrken, J. M. Roney, A. Rostomyan, N. Rout, G. Russo, Y. Sakai, D. A. Sanders, S. Sandilya, A. Sangal, L. Šantelj, Y. Sato, V. Savinov, B. Scavino, C. Schmitt, M. Schnepf, C. Schwanda, A. J. Schwartz, Y. Seino, A. Selce, K. Senyo, J. Serrano, M. E. Sevior, C. Sfienti, W. Shan, C. Sharma, X. Shi, T. Shillington, T. Shimasaki, J.-G. Shiu, D. Shtol, A. Sibidanov, F. Simon, J. B. Singh, J. Skorupa, R. Sobie, M. Sobotzik, A. Soffer, A. Sokolov, E. Solovieva, S. Spataro, B. Spruck, M. Starič, P. Stavroulakis, S. Stefkova, Z. S. Stottler, R. Stroili, J. Strube, M. Sumihama, K. Sumisawa, W. Sutcliffe, H. Svidras, M. Takahashi, M. Takizawa, U. Tamponi, S. Tanaka, K. Tanida, F. Tenchini, A. Thaller, O. Tittel, R. Tiwary, D. Tonelli, E. Torassa, N. Toutounji, K. Trabelsi, I. Tsaklidis, M. Uchida, I. Ueda, Y. Uematsu, T. Uglov, K. Unger, Y. Unno, K. Uno, S. Uno, P. Urquijo, Y. Ushiroda, S. Vahsen, R. van Tonder, G. Varner, K. E. Varvell, M. Veronesi, A. Vinokurova, V. S. Vismaya, L. Vitale, R. Volpe, B. Wach, M. Wakai, H. M. Wakeling, S. Wallner, E. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, X. L. Wang, Z. Wang, A. Warburton, M. Watanabe, S. Watanuki, M. Welsch, C. Wessel, E. Won, X. P. Xu, B. Yabsley, S. Yamada, W. B. Yan, S. B. Yang, J. Yelton, J. H. Yin, Y. Yook, K. Yoshihara, C. Z. Yuan, Y. Yusa, L. Zani, V. Zhilich, J. S. Zhou, Q. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, V. Zhukova

Bibliographic record

VenuePhysical review. D/Physical review. D. · 2024

Typearticle

Languagelv

FieldPhysics and Astronomy

TopicParticle physics theoretical and experimental studies

Canadian institutionsnot available

FundersH2020 European Research CouncilAgencia Estatal de InvestigaciónCentro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico NacionalAkademi Sains MalaysiaJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceDeutsches Elektronen-SynchrotronAustralian Research CouncilMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaKorea Research Environment Open NetworkKementerian Pendidikan MalaysiaMinistry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian FederationKorea Institute of Science and TechnologyMinistry of Culture and SportHORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie ActionsNational Research University Higher School of EconomicsBrookhaven National LaboratoryMax-Planck-GesellschaftCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueMinistry of Education and Science of UkraineMinisterstwo Edukacji i NaukiNational Research FoundationJavna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RSNational Key Research and Development Program of ChinaIsrael Science FoundationNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Research Foundation of KoreaU.S. Department of EnergyGeneralitat ValencianaThailand Center of Excellence in PhysicsHelmholtz-GemeinschaftInstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareUnited States-Israel Binational Science FoundationAlexander von Humboldt-StiftungKorea Institute of Science and Technology InformationDepartment of Atomic Energy, Government of IndiaTürkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma KurumuAgence Nationale de la RechercheGrantová Agentura České RepublikyAustrian Science FundBundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und ForschungDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftNational Research Foundation of UkraineIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareUniversiti MalayaDepartment of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IndiaInstitut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des ParticulesUniversity of Petroleum and Energy StudiesIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di PadovaNational Institute of InformaticsVietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyNatural Science Foundation of Shandong ProvinceCompute CanadaUniversity of TabukUniversity of VictoriaNational Science FoundationCanarieNational Science and Technology Council

KeywordsPhysicsAlgorithmMathematics

DOI10.1103/physrevd.109.112006

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

We search for the rare decay <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><a:msup><a:mi>B</a:mi><a:mo>+</a:mo></a:msup><a:mo stretchy="false">→</a:mo><a:msup><a:mi>K</a:mi><a:mo>+</a:mo></a:msup><a:mi>ν</a:mi><a:mover accent="true"><a:mi>ν</a:mi><a:mo stretchy="false">¯</a:mo></a:mover></a:math> in a <f:math xmlns:f="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><f:mn>362</f:mn><f:mtext> </f:mtext><f:mtext> </f:mtext><f:msup><f:mi>fb</f:mi><f:mrow><f:mo>−</f:mo><f:mn>1</f:mn></f:mrow></f:msup></f:math> sample of electron-positron collisions at the <h:math xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><h:mrow><h:mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</h:mi><h:mo stretchy="false">(</h:mo><h:mn>4</h:mn><h:mi>S</h:mi><h:mo stretchy="false">)</h:mo></h:mrow></h:math> resonance collected with the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB collider. We use the inclusive properties of the accompanying <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><m:mi>B</m:mi></m:math> meson in <o:math xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><o:mrow><o:mi mathvariant="normal">ϒ</o:mi><o:mo stretchy="false">(</o:mo><o:mn>4</o:mn><o:mi>S</o:mi><o:mo stretchy="false">)</o:mo><o:mo stretchy="false">→</o:mo><o:mrow><o:mi>B</o:mi><o:mover accent="true"><o:mrow><o:mi>B</o:mi></o:mrow><o:mrow><o:mo stretchy="false">¯</o:mo></o:mrow></o:mover></o:mrow></o:mrow></o:math> events to suppress background from other decays of the signal <w:math xmlns:w="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><w:mi>B</w:mi></w:math> candidate and light-quark pair production. We validate the measurement with an auxiliary analysis based on a conventional hadronic reconstruction of the accompanying <y:math xmlns:y="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><y:mi>B</y:mi></y:math> meson. For background suppression, we exploit distinct signal features using machine learning methods tuned with simulated data. The signal-reconstruction efficiency and background suppression are validated through various control channels. The branching fraction is extracted in a maximum likelihood fit. Our inclusive and hadronic analyses yield consistent results for the <ab:math xmlns:ab="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><ab:msup><ab:mi>B</ab:mi><ab:mo>+</ab:mo></ab:msup><ab:mo stretchy="false">→</ab:mo><ab:msup><ab:mi>K</ab:mi><ab:mo>+</ab:mo></ab:msup><ab:mi>ν</ab:mi><ab:mover accent="true"><ab:mi>ν</ab:mi><ab:mo stretchy="false">¯</ab:mo></ab:mover></ab:math> branching fraction of <fb:math xmlns:fb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><fb:mrow><fb:mo stretchy="false">[</fb:mo><fb:mn>2.7</fb:mn><fb:mo>±</fb:mo><fb:mn>0.5</fb:mn><fb:mo stretchy="false">(</fb:mo><fb:mrow><fb:mi>stat</fb:mi></fb:mrow><fb:mo stretchy="false">)</fb:mo><fb:mo>±</fb:mo><fb:mn>0.5</fb:mn><fb:mo stretchy="false">(</fb:mo><fb:mrow><fb:mi>syst</fb:mi></fb:mrow><fb:mo stretchy="false">)</fb:mo><fb:mo stretchy="false">]</fb:mo></fb:mrow><fb:mo>×</fb:mo><fb:msup><fb:mn>10</fb:mn><fb:mrow><fb:mo>−</fb:mo><fb:mn>5</fb:mn></fb:mrow></fb:msup></fb:math> and <nb:math xmlns:nb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><nb:mrow><nb:mo stretchy="false">[</nb:mo><nb:msubsup><nb:mn>1.1</nb:mn><nb:mrow><nb:mo>−</nb:mo><nb:mn>0.8</nb:mn></nb:mrow><nb:mrow><nb:mo>+</nb:mo><nb:mn>0.9</nb:mn></nb:mrow></nb:msubsup><nb:mo stretchy="false">(</nb:mo><nb:mrow><nb:mi>stat</nb:mi></nb:mrow><nb:msubsup><nb:mo stretchy="false">)</nb:mo><nb:mrow><nb:mo>−</nb:mo><nb:mn>0.5</nb:mn></nb:mrow><nb:mrow><nb:mo>+</nb:mo><nb:mn>0.8</nb:mn></nb:mrow></nb:msubsup><nb:mo stretchy="false">(</nb:mo><nb:mrow><nb:mi>syst</nb:mi></nb:mrow><nb:mo stretchy="false">)</nb:mo><nb:mo stretchy="false">]</nb:mo></nb:mrow><nb:mo>×</nb:mo><nb:msup><nb:mn>10</nb:mn><nb:mrow><nb:mo>−</nb:mo><nb:mn>5</nb:mn></nb:mrow></nb:msup></nb:math>, respectively. Combining the results, we determine the branching fraction of the decay <vb:math xmlns:vb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><vb:msup><vb:mi>B</vb:mi><vb:mo>+</vb:mo></vb:msup><vb:mo stretchy="false">→</vb:mo><vb:msup><vb:mi>K</vb:mi><vb:mo>+</vb:mo></vb:msup><vb:mi>ν</vb:mi><vb:mover accent="true"><vb:mi>ν</vb:mi><vb:mo stretchy="false">¯</vb:mo></vb:mover></vb:math> to be <ac:math xmlns:ac="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><ac:mrow><ac:mo stretchy="false">[</ac:mo><ac:mn>2.3</ac:mn><ac:mo>±</ac:mo><ac:mn>0.5</ac:mn><ac:mo stretchy="false">(</ac:mo><ac:mrow><ac:mi>stat</ac:mi></ac:mrow><ac:msubsup><ac:mo stretchy="false">)</ac:mo><ac:mrow><ac:mo>−</ac:mo><ac:mn>0.4</ac:mn></ac:mrow><ac:mrow><ac:mo>+</ac:mo><ac:mn>0.5</ac:mn></ac:mrow></ac:msubsup><ac:mo stretchy="false">(</ac:mo><ac:mrow><ac:mi>syst</ac:mi></ac:mrow><ac:mo stretchy="false">)</ac:mo><ac:mo stretchy="false">]</ac:mo></ac:mrow><ac:mo>×</ac:mo><ac:msup><ac:mn>10</ac:mn><ac:mrow><ac:mo>−</ac:mo><ac:mn>5</ac:mn></ac:mrow></ac:msup></ac:math>, providing the first evidence for this decay at 3.5 standard deviations. The combined result is 2.7 standard deviations above the standard model expectation. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.004

metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.005

Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated

Candidate categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Scholarly communication, Open science, Research integrity, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)

Consensus categoriesMeta-epidemiology (narrow), Science and technology studies, Research integrity, Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)

DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none

Study designCandidate signal: Bench or experimental · Consensus signal: none

GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical

Teacher disagreement score0.886

Threshold uncertainty score0.998

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

Category	Codex	Gemma
Metaresearch	0.004	0.005
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)	0.004	0.006
Meta-epidemiology (broad)	0.002	0.010
Bibliometrics	0.001	0.004
Science and technology studies	0.005	0.006
Scholarly communication	0.005	0.005
Open science	0.007	0.008
Research integrity	0.004	0.006
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)	0.184	0.011

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.026

GPT teacher head0.320

Teacher spread0.294 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work

Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.

Meta-epidemiology (narrow)Science and technology studies Research integrity Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)

Study designBench or experimental

Domainnot available

GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations80

Published2024

Admission routes1

Has abstractyes

Download record (JSON)Report an issue with this record

Explore more

Same venuePhysical review. D/Physical review. D.→Same topicParticle physics theoretical and experimental studies→French-language works237,207→