The Recognition of Carbon Capture and Storage by Plants
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The postulate that CO2 is responsible for global warming is accepted by most governments which put in place restrictions and compensation for emissions of this gas. This resulted in the development of a carbon market and of the practice of carbon capture and storage (CCS), mainly by geological burying. CCS by plants, which allows the return of CO2 to the atmosphere, should be preferred to CCS by burying which contributes to its lithification. Plant production captures this gas directly from the atmosphere using solar energy and stores it for a few months to a few centuries. Plant CCS figures are calculated for the world, the United States, Europe, France and Kenya, then compared to CCS ambitions. They show that agriculture and forestry absorb 21GtCO2/year, more than half of global emissions by combustion of fossil hydrocarbons. This CCS function devolved to the peasantry complements that of supplying humanity with essential foodstuffs and should constitute a new source of remuneration for professions which often struggle to transmit, invest and innovate to ensure their future.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".