Potential relationship between cytomegalovirus and immunosenescence: Evidence from observational studies
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Immunosenescence (IS) occurs as a natural outcome of ageing and may be described as a decline in immune system flexibility and adaptability to sufficiently respond to new, foreign antigens. Potential factors that may precipitate IS include persistent herpesvirus infections, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV). Here, we conducted a review of the literature evaluating the potential association between CMV and IS. Twenty‐seven epidemiologic studies that included direct comparisons between CMV‐seropositive and CMV‐seronegative immunocompetent individuals were analysed. The majority of these studies ( n = 20) were conducted in European populations. The strength of evidence supporting a relationship between CMV, and various IS‐associated immunologic endpoints was assessed. T‐cell population restructuring was the most prominently studied endpoint, described in 21 studies, most of which reported a relationship between CMV and reduced CD4:CD8 T‐cell ratio or modified CD8 + T‐cell levels. Telomere length ( n = 4) and inflammageing ( n = 3) were less frequently described in the primary literature, and the association of these endpoints with CMV and IS was less pronounced. An emergent trend from our review is the potential effect modification of the CMV‐IS relationship with both sex and age, indicating the importance of considering various effector variables when evaluating associations between CMV and IS. Our analysis revealed plausible mechanisms that may underlie the larger epidemiologic trends seen in the literature that support the indirect effect of CMV on IS. Future studies are needed to clarify CMV‐associated and IS‐associated immunologic endpoints, as well as in more diverse global and immunocompromised populations.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it