TIME, the Tomographic Ionized-carbon Mapping Experiment: an update on design, characterization, and data from the 2022 commissioning observations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We summarize the technical specifications of TIME, the Tomographic Ionized-carbon Mapping Experiment, which is designed to probe the structure and evolution of the universe by using line intensity mapping to measure carbon monoxide (CO) and ionized carbon ([C ii]) with a mm-wavelength grating spectrometer. We present detector count, spectral coverage and resolution, and give an update on the current status of the project. TIME was installed at the Arizona Radio Observatory 12 m telescope in 2019 and returned for further engineering, commissioning, and observing in 2022. Data taken during the 2022 season demonstrate the ability of TIME to compensate for field rotation through the use of a K-mirror system, as well as spectro-imaging functionality broadly in line with expectations given the current state of the instrument. TIME will return to ARO for science observations for the Winter 2024 season. We discuss hardware and software updates and preliminary data analysis in preparation for science scans.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".