Comparison of two release strategies for the American hoverfly, Eupeodes americanus, against the green peach aphid in greenhouses: Banker plant vs. pupal release
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Predatory hoverflies can provide dual ecosystem services since adults are pollinators and larvae are aphidophagous biocontrol agents. In the present study, we compare the effects of two release strategies, banker plant and pupal release on the potential of the American hoverfly, Eupeodes americanus to control Myzus persicae and to improve pollination of sweet pepper ( Capsicum annuum ) in research greenhouses. Results show that E. americanus effectively controls aphids regardless of the release strategy with an infestation reduction ranging from 91 to 99% depending on the year. However, the production of new adult hoverflies over time without needing additional releases is an advantage of the banker plant strategy. Indeed, adults’ number were multiplied by 7 throughout the duration of the experiment, i.e., 8 weeks while the pupal release strategy had a constant number of adults with no increase. Finally, the use of E. americanus significantly increased the fruit yield by 88.4% and 97.5% respectively for banker plant and pupae release treatments compared to the control. However, further studies are necessary to confirm its impact on pollination of sweet pepper plant since a greater occurrence of malformation in fruit occurred in both hoverfly treatments. In conclusion, the present study is the first to clearly demonstrate that E. americanus is an efficient predator against M. persicae via banker plant or pupal release. It also reveals its potential as a pollinator, another key ecosystem service in agricultural production. • E. americanus is an efficient predator against M. persicae . • Banker plant or pupal release strategies reduce infestation between 91 and 99%. • Banker plant considerably increases the hoverfly population without new releases. • E. americanus increased the fruit yield regardless of the release strategy.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it