THERMAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A SOLAR-ASSISTED HELICAL STEEL PILE THERMO-ACTIVE FOUNDATION WITH A DOUBLE U-LOOP HEAT EXCHANGER IN A COLD CLIMATE
Bibliographic record
Abstract
With the growing need to increase the share of renewable energy in the energy mix and limit the emission of greenhouse gases, ground source heat pumps (GSHPs) are emerging as an alternative option for space heating.They are the most efficient technology for space heating and cooling available today.However, with the high upfront costs, mainly due to the drilling and installation of ground heat exchangers (GHEs), some homeowners have decided against the use of these systems despite the low operating costs.To offset some of the drilling cost, a new option is to install the heat exchanger within the steel structural piles used in the new construction of homes, thus creating a "thermo-active foundation" for the building.The pile can also be used as an in-ground helical steel GHE in the case of existing buildings.With this relatively new area of research, only a limited number of configurations of the heat exchanger have been explored.This work explores the potential of a double u-loop GHE configuration coupled with a solar thermal collector to further enhance efficiency and long-term performance in a cold climate.The solution was implemented using a finite volume-based computational fluid dynamics tool considering realistic building loads, soil thermal properties, and climatic data for Minnesota's cold climate.The developed model was thoroughly validated with other experimental work using actual temperature and weather data, ensuring its accuracy.Additionally, the influence of several parameters on the heat pump's coefficient of performance was investigated.Results show that coupling the foundation heat exchanger with solar thermal increases the annual COP from 3.60 to 3.90 and 4.15 for the base case, 2 2 solar 1 case, and 3.8 2 solar 2 case respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".