Deviants Anonymous: Single Mothers at the Hopital De La Misericorde in Montreal, 1929-1939*
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Historians and sociologists have stressed the prominence of the Catholic patriarchal family in Quebec society, women’s role within that institution and the paramount importance of motherhood within marriage. Few scholars have so far studied the experience of women who did not fit the conventional model of married mothers at home. Childbearing was particularly honoured in Catholic society; yet women who were reproductive outside the bounds of marriage had no visible place in Quebec. The revanche des berceaux, so valued by the Church and by Catholic nationalists, was to take place within the family. Illegitimacy 1 violated the moral and cultural ideal of the family defined by church and society. Consequently women who transgressed societal and familial norms disrupted the stability of the family and brought shame upon themselves, their immediate family and their kinship network. This shame had to be hidden, and single pregnant women who could not go to private maternity homes or be sent to distant friends or relatives concealed their condition amongst other women, nuns, who had themselves renounced family life, sexuality and motherhood for the higher calling of religious life. The hospitals provided by the nuns give us a microcosm of the world of the single mother: the handling of the pregnancy, the conditions of stay, the submission and rebellion of the woman and the contradictory demands of society regarding her child.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.018 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".