Resilience and Food Security During Times of Crisis: Investigating the Impact of Covid-19 and Climate Change on Urban Community Gardens in the Greater Toronto Area
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This qualitative study investigated the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change on urban community gardens (UCGs) in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) with regards to use and food security. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven managers and eight members from nine gardens in the GTA. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis and grounded theory. Results suggest that the cultural ecosystem services provided by UCGs have helped people cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. While the relationship between individual food security and UCG use was not significant, participants were concerned about community food security. The main perception of climate change was increasing temperatures, alongside more persistent fungi/pests. This study supports current literature that UCGs help foster resilience in crises. Future research is needed to determine how much UCGs alleviate food insecurity in Canadians, and to further explore the role UCG cultural ecosystem services play in fostering resilience.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.010 | 0.010 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".