Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This chapter explores the structure and composition of the ocean floor and how the Paleocene volcanic activity in the Hebrides reflects the attempt to open up a new spreading ridge ‘oceanic’ plate boundary. A series of concentrated igneous dyke swarms at Skye, Mull, Arran and in Antrim together acted as a southwesterly plate boundary diversion to the pre-existing NE-SW band of strike-slip faulting that existed before 60 million years ago, separating Greenland from the continental margin of northwest Europe. The combination of volcanic magma chambers, dyke swarms and lava-fields means that the crust of Skye can be said to have become one third oceanic. These separate spreading ridges, each with 2-3 km of dilation are linked by strike-slip ‘transform faults’ :a fault style first identified by Canadian geophysicist John Tuzo Wilson in the 1960s. Magma in the igneous dykes propagated sideways from magma chambers beneath central volcanoes, as observed in several eruptions on Iceland over the past forty years. Once the magma in the dyke broke through to the surface the dyke would not grow any longer. While standard dykes are 30-50km long and a metre wide, for a period the volcanoes produced giant dykes, that could be ten times as long and ten times or more wide, propagated to the southeast across north Wales and northern England and far across the southern North Sea. These giant dykes, sourced principally from the Mull and Slieve Gullion volcanoes reflect an attempt to create a new plate boundary cutting Britain in two, but only succeeded in splitting the crust by about 200 metres. It took many tens of cubic kilometres of magma to fill a giant dyke, requiring an enormous magma chamber, far larger than any identified in recent eruptions worldwide.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.482 | 0.255 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".