Design of Flood Early Detection Based on the Internet of Things and Decision Support System
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Flooding is a natural disaster that has a serious impact on humans, the environment, and the economy.To reduce the risk and adverse impacts of flooding, this research aims to design an Internet of Things (IoT) based early detection system integrated with a decision support system.The proposed system uses various types of sensors, such as DHT22 to monitor air temperature and humidity, an Ombrometer to measure rainfall, a Water Flow Sensor to measure water flow, and an Ultrasonic Sensor to detect changes in water level.Data from these sensors will be collected in real time and analyzed to predict potential flooding.In addition, the system will have a user interface that facilitates monitoring and decisionmaking by authorities.The decision support system will use sensor data and weather information to warn decision-makers early of potential flooding and appropriate action recommendations.This research is expected to improve the ability to detect and respond to floods more effectively, thereby assisting in protecting human lives, protecting the environment, and reducing the economic impact of floods.In addition, this research contributes to the development of IoT-based technologies and decision support systems in the context of natural disaster mitigation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".