Procedural Fairness: Issues in Civil and Administrative Enforcement Proceedings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The OECD Competition Committee debated procedural fairness and transparency issues in civil and administrative enforcement proceedings in February and June 2010. This document includes an executive summary of that debate, two issues paper by the OECD Secretariat, and two aide-memoires of the discussions as well as country contributions from: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, the Czech Republic, the European Union, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Lithuania, Mexico, Netherlands, the Russian Federation, the Slovak Republic, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, Chinese Taipei, Türkiye, the United Kingdom, the United States, and BIAC.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.122 | 0.291 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.006 | 0.009 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.019 | 0.026 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.044 | 0.021 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.008 |
| Research integrity | 0.031 | 0.021 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".