Continuities between the slave trade, “legitimate” commerce, and the <i>Serviçal</i> trade: a look at four families in Angola in the mid- to late nineteenth century
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Using archival sources, baptismal records, obituaries, travellers’ accounts, newspapers and Luanda’s weekly gazette the Boletim Oficial do Governo Geral da Província de Angola, this paper explores the participation of Angola’s slave-trading elite in “legitimate” commerce and the serviçal trade. Specifically, it focuses on the families of four prominent slave traders: Dona Ana Joaquina dos Santos Silva, José Maria Matoso de Andrade da Câmara, José Maria do Prado, and Francisco de Salles Ferreira. Using micro-history as a tool of analysis, this paper demonstrates that some elites and their families were able to use profits from the transatlantic slave trade to weather the transition to “legitimate” commerce and indentured labour. In turn, it challenges the “crisis of adaptation” theory and highlights the role that familial wealth from the transatlantic slave trade played in the later part of the nineteenth century.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".