Chiral gypsum with high‐performance mechanical properties induced by self‐assembly of chiral amino acid on an amorphous mineral
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Functional chiral suprastructures are common in biology, including in biomineralization, and they are frequently found in many hardened structures of both marine and terrestrial invertebrates, and even in pathologic human otoconia of the inner ear. However, the biological processes by which they form remain unclear. Here, we show that chiral hierarchical suprastructures of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) can be induced by the chiral Aspartic acid (Asp). Left‐handed (clockwise) morphology of gypsum is induced by the d ‐enantiomer of Asp, while right‐handed (counterclockwise) morphology is induced by the l ‐enantiomer. A layer‐by‐layer, oriented inclination mineral growth model controlled by continuous self‐assembly of chiral Asp enantiomers on an amorphous calcium sulfate mineral surface of gypsum platelet layers is postulated to produce these chiral architectures. This hybrid amorphous‐crystallized chiral and hierarchical suprastructure of gypsum displays outstanding mechanical properties, including high‐performance strength and toughness. Furthermore, the induction of chiral gypsum suprastructures can be more generally extended from specific acidic amino acids to other (nonamino acid) molecules. These findings contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which biomineral‐associated enantiomers exert structural control over chiral architectures commonly seen in biominerals and in biomimetically synthesized functional materials.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it