Acoustic measurements of wind farm noise inside homes and comparison with the ISO 9613 standard
Bibliographic record
Abstract
To achieve the energy transition objectives, many wind farms are installed to produce electricity by exploiting wind energy. The production of electricity through wind farms is widespread in the world. One of the problems complained about by people who live near wind farms is the noise emitted by the rotation of the blades. This work reports acoustic measurements inside homes near wind farms. The acoustic measurements were performed for different wind speeds and directions. Furthermore, to verify the effectiveness of the simulation method of the propagation of the noise generated by wind farms, the measured values of the sound levels were compared with those obtained from the numerical simulations using the provisions of the ISO 9613 standard, and the wind turbines are considered point-like sound sources. The comparison between the measurements carried out in the field with the theoretical simulations has highlighted that the calculated levels are lower than the measured ones, this means that in the acoustic impact forecasting procedures, the noise emitted by the wind farms is underestimated and is one of the reasons why the Wind farms in operation are a source of complaints from the populations living nearby.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".