The effect of aging on vowel production in Western Canadian English
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aging influences many aspects of speech production. For example, a speaker’s fundamental frequency or formant space has been reported to change as they age. However, this research has largely focused on careful or prepared speech, with a few notable exceptions in the longitudinal research literature. There is limited knowledge of the relationship between aging and vowel reduction in spontaneously produced speech. It is important to investigate how spontaneous everyday speech is influenced by the aging process. In the present investigation, we work with a corpus of Western Canadian English containing spontaneous conversational speech produced by 18 younger (17–31) and 13 older speakers (64–79). The data was force-aligned and then acoustic measures were extracted from the aligned data. In this presentation, we report on the differences in formant space for stressed and unstressed vowels. The results of this study will be used to better inform our understanding of the role of vowel centralization and aging in spontaneous speech. They will further support the understanding of reduction in spontaneous speech.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".