Features of the European Union's trade and economic relations with Canada and Mexico
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Комплексный анализ торговли Северной Америки и Европейского союза проводится достаточно редко, причем, в основном, когда говорят о взаимодействии ЕС и Северной Америки, то имеют в виду отношения США и Европейского союза. Несмотря на незначительный уровень торгового взаимодействия Европейского Союза и таких стран Северной Америки, как Мексика или Канада, изучение его с научной точки зрения представляет особую важность. На фоне исторических событий 1990-х годов и усиления европейской интеграции участились попытки Европейского Союза закрепиться в качестве ключевого экономического партнера среди стран Северной Америки. В современной ситуации в связи с увеличением поставок сжиженного газа становится понятно, что заключенные ранее договоренности требуют трансформации с целью снижения уровня зависимости Европейского Союза от Соединенных Штатов Америки и увеличения экономического участия ЕС среди других стран. A comprehensive analysis of trade between North America and the European Union is carried out quite rarely, and, mainly, when talking about the interaction of the EU and North America, they mean the relations between the United States and the European Union. Despite the low level of trade interaction between the European Union and North American countries such as Mexico or Canada, studying it is also a very important factor. Against the background of the historical events of the 1990s and the strengthening of European integration, the European Union's attempts to gain a foothold as an important economic partner among other North American countries have become more frequent. In the current situation, due to the increase in liquefied natural gas supplies, it becomes clear that the previously concluded agreements require transformation in order to reduce the level of dependence on the United States of America and increase the economic participation of the EU among other mainland countries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".