Electrostatic Correlations Lead to High Capacitance in Zwitterion-Containing Thin Films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A novel zwitterion composed of an imidazolium tethered to an anionic sulfonyl(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide group was prepared as an alternative dielectric material to traditional ionic liquids. The zwitterion not only melted below 100 °C but also proved to be nonhygroscopic. High-capacitance organic dielectric materials were obtained by blending this compound with poly(methyl methacrylate) over a range of concentrations and thicknesses. Above a specific temperature and concentration, films exhibit a capacitance nearly equivalent to that of an electrostatic double layer, approximately 10 μF/cm 2, regardless of their thickness. Grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments suggest that the zwitterions adopt a lamellar ordering at their surface above a critical concentration. The observed ordering is correlated with a 1000-fold increase in capacitance. The behavior suggests that the zwitterions exhibit strong electrostatic correlations throughout the film bulk, pointing the way toward a novel class of organic dielectric materials.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".