Morphological and molecular characterization of the European dagger nematode <i>Xiphinema diversicaudatum</i> on peach ( <i>Prunus persica</i> ) in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose a significant threat to global agriculture, leading to substantial yield losses. Managing nematode populations remains a challenging option due to financial, technical and environmental constraints. In Ontario, Canada, the presence of Xiphinema nematodes, a virus vector species, is of particular concern. This study reports the discovery of X. diversicaudatum in a peach field in Southern Ontario, Canada. The description includes morphological and molecular characterization using the 18S and 28S rDNA sequences. Morphological and molecular characterization of Ontario’s population matched those from Europe. While X. diversicaudatum was presumed eradicated from Canada, the present finding showed that the nematode could have spread beyond greenhouses. The study highlights the importance of intensive soil sampling for early nematode detection, even as strict reporting requirements may deter such efforts. We report for the first time the presence of X. diversicaudatum on peaches in Canada and in North America.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".