Understanding the similarities and differences of dominant language ideology in Canada, India, and Bangladesh: A comparative policy analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the increasingly homogenized world, maintaining linguistic diversity is crucial. One way to achieve this is by enhancing existing language policies to help immigrant families preserve their language and culture in their new home. Key to the effectiveness of these policies is a deep understanding of the language ideologies encountered by immigrant families. This literature review examines how language ideologies have influenced (school) language policies in Ontario, Canada, West Bengal, India, and Bangladesh. It explores the language ideologies to which Indian and Bangladeshi immigrant families are exposed, which may significantly influence their language practices. Hence, learning about the dominant language ideologies of both the countries these transnational immigrants reside would be helpful for future researchers to understand their language practices. This knowledge could inform strategies to support immigrant families in maintaining their mother tongue while integrating into Canadian schools, emphasizing the importance of linguistic diversity in our interconnected world.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.005 | 0.012 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".