Deep Reinforcement Learning for Joint Power Control and Access Coordination in Energy Harvesting CIoT
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) has attracted a lot of interest owing to its various applications. Cognitive IoT (CIoT) networks utilize the cognitive radio (CR) technology to relieve spectrum congestion and boost network performance. In this context, this article proposes a novel deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach for joint power control and channel access coordination, tailored to energy-constrained CIoT networks. Unlike the existing works, our approach considers coordination dynamics between the competing devices and adopts a realistic energy harvesting (EH) model. The goal of the CIoT transmitter is to meet the interference constraint imposed by the primary network and coordinate channel access with the other CIoT devices while optimizing its lifetime and performance. We model the joint power control and access coordination problem as a model-free Markov decision process (MDP) and introduce a novel deep Q-network (DQN) architecture. This architecture enables a CIoT transmitter to autonomously make decisions regarding EH and data transmission, while also regulating transmit power to maximize the network’s performance and lifetime. These decisions incorporate critical factors, such as channel occupancy by other devices, EH opportunities, and interference constraints without prior knowledge. Through extensive simulations we demonstrate that the proposed DQN strategy achieves faster convergence than the benchmarks, facilitating adaptive, energy-efficient, and realistic spectrum sharing in CIoT networks. Additionally, our algorithm consistently achieves higher performance in terms of average sum rate, interference ratio, and rewards compared to the benchmarks.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".