Asphaltene-Based Discontinuous Carbon Fiber
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The requirements for affordable feedstock, reduced production time, and cost-effective manufacturing are some of the key challenges in carbon fiber (CF) production. Notably, the high cost of petroleum-based polyacrylonitrile feedstock remains a primary obstacle in this field. This study explores the potential of asphaltene, a crude oil byproduct having high aromaticity, as an economical alternative feedstock for CF production enabled by a solution processing fiber production technique utilizing the extensional properties of the polymeric solution. The CFs produced from the asphaltene-based precursor display an average diameter of 3.5 ± 1.6 μm. Tensile tests on single short CFs reveal an ultimate tensile strength of 283.9 ± 92.2 MPa and an elastic modulus of 20.9 ± 5.4 GPa, indicating their suitability for a wide range of material applications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".