Changing workscapes and their encroachment on private life: Do Montreal women perceive them differently from men?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Paid work is increasingly distributed across multiple workplaces. In a representative survey of 1325 Montrealers, we associate each job with two workscapes (defined as the various places, including the home, from which work activities are conducted), one pre-COVID and one for July 2020. In doing so we extend the mainstream approach to urban economic geography – which has typically associated each job with a single workplace - and draw upon feminist economic geography to frame and interpret the analysis. Changes in workscape between February and July 2020 are examined. Women, who bear heavier household responsibilities, have tended to report more friction between paid work and private life: our results, however, indicate that Montreal women perceive less interference of workscape arrangements with private life than men do. This is unconnected with observed COVID-related changes in workscape. A possible explanation is that women have developed more capacity to cope with, or accept, the interference of paid work and private life. Gendered differences in perception may be exacerbated by the fact that men feel more pressure to maintain ‘ideal worker’ standards, which conflict with their growing aspiration to prioritize private life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".