MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort
Record W4400979465 · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202450453

<i>Chandra</i> Survey in the AKARI deep field at the North Ecliptic Pole

2024· article· en· W4400979465 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

aboutThe title or abstract carries a Canadian signal from the geographic lexicon.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueAstronomy and Astrophysics · 2024
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicAstronomical Observations and Instrumentation
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersJapan Society for the Promotion of ScienceJapan Aerospace Exploration AgencyNational Research Foundation of KoreaDeutsches Zentrum für Luft- und RaumfahrtInstituto de Astrofísica de CanariasNational Research FoundationDirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMinistry of Science and ICT, South KoreaNational Science and Technology CouncilOhio State UniversityNational Science FoundationOhio Board of Regents
KeywordsPhysicsAstrophysicsRedshiftFlux (metallurgy)Photometric redshiftGalaxyTelescopeHubble Deep FieldAstronomyInfraredSubaru TelescopeSpectroscopySpectral line

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

Aims. We present a catalog of optical and infrared (NIR) identifications (ID) of X-ray sources in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) deep field detected with Chandra, covering ~0.34 deg 2 and with 0.5–2 keV flux limits ranging between ~2–20 × 10 −16 erg s −1 cm −2 . Methods. The optical/NIR counterparts of the X-ray sources were taken from our Hyper Suprime Cam (HSC)/Subaru and Wide-Field InfraRed Camera (WIRCam)/Canada–France–Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) data because these have much more accurate source positions due to their spatial resolution than those of Chandra and longer wavelength IR data. We concentrate our identifications in the HSC g band and WIRCam K s band-based catalogs. To select the best counterpart, we utilized a novel extension of the likelihood-ratio (LR) analysis, where we used the X-ray flux as well as g-K s colors to calculate the likelihood ratio. The spectroscopic and photometric redshifts of the counterparts are summarized in this work. In addition, simple X-ray spectroscopy was carried out on the sources with sufficient source counts. Results. We present the resulting catalog in an electronic form. The main ID catalog contains 403 X-ray sources and includes X-ray fluxes, luminosities, g and K s band magnitudes, redshifts and their sources, and optical spectroscopic properties, as well as intrinsic absorption column densities and power-law indices from simple X-ray spectroscopy. The X-ray sources identified in this work include 27 Milky-Way objects, 57 type I AGNs, 131 other AGNs, and 15 galaxies. The catalog serves as a basis for further investigations of the properties of the X-ray and NIR sources in this field. Conclusions. We present a catalog of optical ( g band) and NIR ( K s band) identifications of Chandra X-ray sources in the AKARI NEP Deep field with available optical/NIR spectroscopic features and redshifts as well as the results of simple X-ray spectroscopy. In the process, we developed a novel X-ray flux-dependent likelihood-ratio analysis for selecting the most likely counterparts among candidates.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.844
Threshold uncertainty score0.270

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.000
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.010
GPT teacher head0.191
Teacher spread0.181 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it