Soleful solutions: Advancements in treatment strategies for ledderhose disease
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Ledderhose disease (plantar fibromatosis) is a benign and progressive proliferative disorder of the plantar fascia that forms fixed and painful nodules within the fascia, causing functional disability and decreased quality of life. METHODS: We conducted a narrative review using Pubmed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and searched for the terms "Ledderhose disease" "plantar fibromatosis" "Ledderhose disease treatment" "plantar fibromatosis treatment" with further focused searches in Pubmed to supplement information regarding each intervention. RESULTS: Many non-surgical therapeutic strategies are used in managing symptoms. These include pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options. Surgical treatment is employed when these therapies are not able to control the symptoms. CONCLUSION: Understanding and exploring effective treatment modalities for Ledderhose disease (LD) is important in improving the functional disability and quality of life. This review aims to showcase a general outline of the condition and illustrate the present treatments used to manage the disease. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic study, Level V.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".