Monolithically Integrated Liquid Crystal Tunable Reflective Load for Millimeter-Wave Phase Shifter Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The paper introduces a monolithically integrated reflective load employing liquid crystal material as a reconfigurable element for phase shifter applications. The LC material is confined within a micromachined space, and its dielectric properties are controlled through an applied bias voltage. This tunable reflective load finds applicability in reflective-type phase shifters. Operating at a frequency of 28 GHz, the reflective load exhibits a phase variation of 113° as the bias voltage ranges from OV to 25V. The device demonstrates a reflective insertion loss of 3.9 dB, indicating a Figure of Merit (FOM) of 29°/dB. Fabrication of this device is conducted in-house using a multi-layer microfabrication process. To the best of our knowledge, this marks the first time a fully silicon-made, chip-level LC integrated reflective load is presented.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".