Taxonomic revision of Marasmius Fr. and Marasmiaceae Roze ex Kühner based on multigene phylogenetics and morphological evidence
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many taxonomic and systematic rearrangements were proposed to Marasmius Fr. since its original concept in 1835, and since 1980 when it became the type of Marasmiaceae. These were based on morphological and/or more recently molecular phylogenetic studies. This study conducted a comprehensive taxonomic and systematic evaluation of Marasmius that benefits the whole family, implementing multilocus (SSU, LSU, ITS, rpb2 and ef1-α ) phylogenetic analyses integrated with morphological and other features. The resulting trees support (1) a Marasmiaceae clade-based circumscription within Marasmiineae, (2) a Marasmius clade-based circumscription within Marasmiaceae, and (3) a subgenus-section-subsection-series system. Two subgenera are proposed: Globulares and Marasmius . Marasmius auton. subgen. includes Crinis-eques sect. nov., sect. Marasmius , Sanguirotales sect. nov., Variabilispori sect. nov., and Sicciformes sect. nov., while Globulares subg. nov. groups sect. Globulares and sect. Sicci . Four subsections are proposed in sect. Globulares and three in sect. Marasmius and sect. Sicciformes . Seventeen series were defined in sect. Globulares and three in sect. Sicci . Selected traits were assessed for their phylogenetic signals within Marasmius , providing a robust framework for a natural system. Based on this analysis, Marasmiaceae includes Chaetocalathus , Crinipellis , Marasmius and Moniliophthora/Paramarasmius , and Campanellaceae fam. nov. includes Brunneocorticium , Campanella/Tetrapyrgos , Neocampanella , and Marasmiellus sect. Candidi . New species, names, combinations and epitypes are also proposed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it