On the vanishing of Green’s function, desingularization and Carleman’s method
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The subject of the present paper is the phenomenon of vanishing for the Green function of the operator <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="negative normal upper Delta plus upper V"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal"> Δ </mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">-\Delta + V</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> on <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="double-struck upper R cubed"> <mml:semantics> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi mathvariant="double-struck">R</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:msup> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">\mathbb {R}^3</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> at the points where the potential <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper V"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">V</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> has positive critical singularities. More precisely, under minimal assumptions on <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper V"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">V</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> (i.e., the form-boundedness), an upper bound on the order of vanishing of the Green function is obtained. As a byproduct, the existing results on the strong unique continuation for eigenfunctions of <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="negative normal upper Delta plus upper V"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo> − </mml:mo> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal"> Δ </mml:mi> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mi>V</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">-\Delta +V</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> in dimension <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="d equals 3"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>d</mml:mi> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">d=3</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> are improved.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it