Bibliographic record
Abstract
In Internally Displaced Persons and International Refugee Law, Bríd Ní Ghráinne engages with the question of the relationship between internally displaced persons (IDPs) and refugees. The introductory chapter opens by observing the evident nuances in the discussion and sets the context for a reflection signifying why it is useful to discuss these categories. Focusing primarily on the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1998 Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, Ní Ghráinne explores the issues critically and in depth. Chapter 2 considers the categories of ‘IDP’ and ‘refugee’, submitting that while they are similar, they are nevertheless distinct. Ní Ghráinne explains that it is important to understand the distinction to provide solutions that are geared towards ensuring adequate protection, in light of the relevant international legal frameworks. This chapter grounds the conceptual framing of the book and offers scholars a deeper examination of the similarities and differences between IDPs and refugees, as well as the implications this has for policymaking and contextual understanding. She looks at the work of various scholars in this regard and clearly articulates the gap that her research is intended to fill.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.016 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.034 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.019 | 0.008 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.013 |
| Research integrity | 0.016 | 0.017 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".