Use of fresh properties to predict mechanical properties of sustainable concrete incorporating recycled concrete aggregate
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) is not widely used in construction because of the concerns related to its quality. This paper investigates the effect of the replacement levels of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) on bulk and hardened densities of RAC. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to investigate the sensitivity of bulk and hardened densities of concrete to the replacement level of RCA. Predictive equations were developed to estimate the 3-day, 7-day, and 28-day compressive strength of RAC from its fresh properties, which are helpful for early quality control inspection of RAC. Furthermore, a predictive equation has been proposed to determine the flexural strength of RAC based on its 28-day compressive strength. The comparison of the predictive capability of the proposed and widely used code equations showed the incapability of the latter to estimate the flexural strength of RAC. In contrast, the proposed equation demonstrated a high level of prediction accuracy.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".