Deterioration of a compacted soil due to suction loss and desiccation cracking
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents the results of laboratory testing of a clayey soil taken from a road subgrade in Tanzania. The results revealed a reduction in the soil water retention capacity, accompanied by shifts in the water retention curves with successive cycles. These changes affected the soil response to shear loading, resulting in decreased shear strength and stiffness with hydraulic cycles. While the soil experienced suction losses due to desiccation cracks and hysteresis effects, these suction variations alone could not account for the observed changes in shear strength, implying that the development of desiccation cracks contributed to reduced strength and stiffness. The results showed that the degradation effect of crack development on the shear strength and elastic modulus of the soil during hydraulic cycles could be justified using a macroscopic degree of saturation, i.e., the degree of saturation of large pores external to the aggregates, through a microstructural-based effective stress approach. This allowed the increase in the large pores resulting from crack development to be accounted for and hence the successive reductions in shear strength and stiffness with drying-wetting cycles. These deterioration effects need to be considered for design of geotechnical infrastructure to ensure stability and resilience of infrastructure over time.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".