Callose deficiency modulates plasmodesmata frequency and extracellular distance in rice pollen mother and tapetal cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fertilization relies on pollen mother cells able to transition from mitosis to meiosis to supply gametes. This process involves remarkable changes at the molecular, cellular and physiological levels, including (but not limited to) remodelling of the cell wall. During the onset of meiosis, the cellulose content in the pollen mother cell walls gradually declines, with the concurrent deposition of the polysaccharide callose in anther locules. We aim to understand the biological significance of cellulose-to-callose turnover in pollen mother cells walls. METHODS: We carried out electron microscopic, aniline blue and renaissance staining analyses of rice flowers. KEY RESULTS: Our observations indicate that in wild-type rice anthers, the mitosis-to-meiosis transition coincides with a gradual reduction in the number of cytoplasmic connections called plasmodesmata. A mutant in the Oryza sativa callose synthase GSL5 (Osgsl5-3), impaired in callose accumulation in premeiotic and meiotic anthers, displayed a greater reduction in plasmodesmata frequency among pollen mother cells and tapetal cells, suggesting a role for callose in maintenance of plasmodesmata. In addition, a significant increase in extracellular distance between pollen mother cells and impaired premeiotic cell shaping was observed in the Osgsl5-3 mutant. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that callose-to-cellulose turnover during the transition from mitosis to meiosis is necessary to maintain cell-to-cell connections and optimal extracellular distance among the central anther locular cells. The findings of this study contribute to our understanding of the regulatory influence of callose metabolism during initiation of meiosis in flowering plants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".