Deep learning models for the early detection of maize streak virus and maize lethal necrosis diseases in Tanzania
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Agriculture is considered the backbone of Tanzania's economy, with more than 60% of the residents depending on it for survival. Maize is the country's dominant and primary food crop, accounting for 45% of all farmland production. However, its productivity is challenged by the limitation to detect maize diseases early enough. Maize streak virus (MSV) and maize lethal necrosis virus (MLN) are common diseases often detected too late by farmers. This has led to the need to develop a method for the early detection of these diseases so that they can be treated on time. This study investigated the potential of developing deep-learning models for the early detection of maize diseases in Tanzania. The regions where data was collected are Arusha, Kilimanjaro, and Manyara. Data was collected through observation by a plant. The study proposed convolutional neural network (CNN) and vision transformer (ViT) models. Four classes of imagery data were used to train both models: MLN, Healthy, MSV, and WRONG. The results revealed that the ViT model surpassed the CNN model, with 93.1 and 90.96% accuracies, respectively. Further studies should focus on mobile app development and deployment of the model with greater precision for early detection of the diseases mentioned above in real life.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".