Biosensing in the optical switch configuration on strong plasmonic gratings enabling differential referenced detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A deep gold-coated sinusoidal grating is proposed as a transducer for label-free real-time biosensing, operating in a new configuration based on the optical switch effect, which produces complementary optical outputs enabling differential and referenced detection. Biosensing experiments are reported for the first time on this platform, using immunoassays involving biospecific pairs consisting of bovine serum albumin and its antibody, and human serum albumin and its antibody. Direct and sandwich immunoassays are demonstrated along with negative controls. A limit of detection of 6 pg/mm 2 was obtained. A theoretical model correlating the variation in the differential referenced output optical signal with adlayer growth is presented and supports the experimental results. The proposed detection device operating in the optical switch configuration makes a promising case for point-of-care detection applications because the differential detection of two diffracted orders enables common noise suppression and robust interrogation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".