Bibliographic record
Abstract
Canadian class action regimes adjudicate the rights of individuals (ie class members) who are not involved in and usually have little knowledge of the actions being advanced on their behalf until after certification. Once a claim is adjudicated in a certified class action, the final order is intended to preclude these class members from commencing their own claims, unless they have opted out of the class proceedings. This intended preclusive effect of a class action judgment is a hallmark of class action regimes. However, what happens if a judgment is issued in a class action that purports to have preclusive effect against class members living in a foreign jurisdiction and the court in that foreign jurisdiction will not recognize the judgment? Such circumstances give rise to difficult issues that Canadian courts should take into account when they are asked to certify multi-jurisdictional classes that include proposed class members from other countries.1
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.019 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.024 | 0.011 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.018 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.015 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".