A power-efficient, single-phase, contention-free flip-flop with only three clock transistors
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Flip-flop research in recent years has been motivated by power- and/or energy-efficient designs. Flip-flop power is based on data activity (DA), which in many applications ranges from 5 to 15%. In such cases, a substantial amount of clock power and energy is wasted. In this paper, a power-efficient, contention-free flip-flop with only three single-phase clock transistors is proposed, which has low-power consumption and eliminates unnecessary internal transitions in the circuit. This flip-flop is referred as 3CTSPC. Test-chip measurement results show that at VDD = 1 V, CK = 25 MHz, and DA = 12.5%, 3CTSPC is 11% and 58% more power-efficient than 18TSPC and TGFF, respectively.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it