AI-Assisted Pump Operation for Energy-Efficient Water Distribution Systems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pumping water in water networks is generally the top energy demand for water systems. This study seeks to develop a large language model (LLM)-assisted framework for pump operation. Herein, ChatGPT was used to suggest pump control settings over 24 h that minimize energy use while maintaining pressure levels. In the proposed prompts, hourly information about the planned operation, i.e., pump control settings, minimum pressure levels, tank storage levels, and pump energy use, was provided. As the LLM suggests improved scenarios, EPANET results for these scenarios are fed back to it. This allows the LLM to learn and adjust future suggestions. The framework was validated on the example EPANET Net 3. Through iterative data exchange between the LLM and EPANET, the framework led to more energy-efficient pump scheduling. The LLM-assisted framework was compared with a genetic algorithm optimization. The results demonstrated that the proposed method outperformed the GA, achieving an energy reduction of 66.98%.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".