Impact of Geotechnical Engineering on Infrastructure Lifespan and Maintenance Costs
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aim: To examine the impact of geotechnical engineering on infrastructure lifespan and maintenance costs. Problem Statement: The roles of geotechnical engineering in civil engineering infrastructures cannot be underestimated. It cuts across sub-divisional professions such as structural engineering, geology, mechanical engineering, construction engineering, environmental engineering, hydraulic engineering and so on. However, the study has great influence on the lifespan of infrastructure and their maintenance costs. Thus, more studies and literature surveys are still needed to reveal crucial information to geotechnical engineers, government, private sectors and related organizations. Significance of Study: This technical review critically examines the need to study the influence of geotechnical engineering on infrastructure lifespan and maintenance costs. Methodology: Recent relevant published articles, books and journals in the area of geotechnical engineering in relation to its impacts on the lifespan of infrastructure and their relevant maintenance costs were consulted. Discussion: In this technical review paper, the fundamental knowledge of geotechnical engineering and its interrelationship with infrastructure lifespan and their maintenance costs was examined. Applications of geotechnical engineering in relation with practicing fields were listed to include underground structures, roads and airports, supporting ground structures and excavations, subgrades and ground structures, foundation engineering and assessments of slope stability. Infrastructure life cycle was stated to comprise of four phases which include planning, preparation, procurement and implementation. Reference was made to a study on the effects of geotechnical risks on cost and schedule in infrastructure projects. It was concluded that slope Instability was the most significant risk factor based on both cost and schedule impacts having mean values of 3.06 and 3.02 respectively with reference to the survey results achieved from 47 professionals in the construction industry. The findings were recommended for governmental agencies and industry professionals whose professionalism is into infrastructure projects in order to recognize how geotechnical conditions influence time and cost overruns. Conclusion: Geotechnical engineering has great influence on the lifespan of infrastructure and their maintenance costs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".