The gut microbiota is a determinant of sexual dimorphism in ALS-linked TDP43 mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The mechanisms underlying the earlier onset and male predominance of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the most common form of human motoneuron disease, are poorly understood. Here we show that the gut microbiota protects against TDP43 toxicity and contributes to the sexual dimorphism in mice expressing a mutant form of TDP43 (A315T) linked to ALS. TDP43 mice raised under germ-free conditions, or treated with antibiotics to deplete the gut microbiota, develop motoneuron disease earlier and show no sex differences in onset and lifespan. Behavioral and histopathological analyses confirm the exacerbation in neurodegeneration caused by the absence of gut microbiota. Castration did not alter disease course of male TDP43 mice, suggesting that male sex hormones do not interact with the gut microbiota to confer disease phenotype. Future identification of gut bacteria species and their mechanisms of action offers a unique opportunity to understand sexual dimorphism in ALS, with the ultimate goal to develop non-invasive and sex-specific treatments for ALS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".