Insights into lipid function for ovarian development in the swimming crab (Portunus trituberculatus): A comparison of lipid mobilization and deposition in hepatopancreas and ovary
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ovarian development is a complex and dynamical process regulated by the coordinated actions of the hepatopancreas and ovary. In mammals, lipids provide necessary energy for oocytes to mature, whereas their regulatory role in crustaceans is not fully understood. This study compares lipid mobilization and deposition in hepatopancreas and ovary of the swimming crab at different stages of ovarian maturation. The results revealed that cholesterol (CHO) and triglyceride (TG) content in hepatopancreas increased with ovary development increased from stage I to Ⅲ, and then decreased at stage V, while those content in ovary significantly increased from stage I to V. Additionally, apolipoprotein (ApoA and ApoB) contents in hepatopancreas and ovary increased significantly during ovary development. Moreover, the highest expression levels of cholesterol transport related genes ( srb , ldlr , lrp2 and abcg1 ) were observed in the hepatopancreas at stage Ⅲ and in the ovary at stage Ⅳ. Furthermore, as ovary development form stage I to Ⅳ, the hepatopancreas up-regulated the expression levels of genes related to lipid anabolism ( fas , acc , g6pd , and 6pgd ) and fatty acid transport ( fabp9 and fatp4 ). Concurrently, genes related to lipid catabolism ( il ) and fatty acid β-oxidation ( acox2 and acox3 ) in the hepatopancreas were down-regulated. Differently, with the ovary development increased from stage I to Ⅳ, the ovary up-regulated gene expression levels involved in lipid anabolism ( acc , 6pgd , g6pd , dgat1 , and gpat3 ), fatty acid synthesis ( elovl and elovl4 ) and fatty acid β-oxidation ( cpt1 , cpt2 , acox1 , and acox3). The mRNA expression levels of lipolysis ( tgl ) and fatty acid transport ( fabp1 , fbap9 , and fatp4 ) in ovary were down-regulated. Overall, these findings demonstrate that the hepatopancreas and ovary exhibit different responses to lipid metabolism during ovarian development. • Hepatopancreas and ovary exhibited different responses to lipid class content and lipid metabolism. • Hepatopancreas enhanced lipogenesis from stage I to Ⅳ, inhibited fatty acid β-oxidation during ovarian development. • Ovary increased lipogenesis and fatty acid synthesis as ovarian development from stage I to Ⅳ. • Ovary activated fatty acid β-oxidation, inhibited lipolysis and fatty acid transport during ovarian development. • Hepatopancreas facilitated the lipid transport to the ovary, leading to ovarian lipid deposition for ovarian reproduction.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".