<i>Dasineura mali</i>(Kieffer), Apple Leaf-curling Midge / Cécidomyie du pommier (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The apple leaf-curling midge, Dasineura mali , is an exotic pest of apple, Malus domestica , trees in Canada and the United States. Larval feeding on immature apple leaves results in tightly curled, distinctive reddish galls and the affected leaves have reduced photosynthetic capacity. The growth and development of young trees can be affected, but the midge has less impact on mature trees, unless infestations are severe. Managing D. mali using insecticides is difficult, because the larvae are concealed, and there are no cultural methods that manage D. mali . Several parasitoids from Europe were introduced to Canada in the 1980s. More recently, emergence of D. mali as a pest in British Columbia renewed interest in biological control and apple orchards were surveyed in Nova Scotia, Ontario and British Columbia, starting in the mid-2000s. The survey results and renewed foreign exploration efforts for natural enemies for importation biological control are reviewed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".