CIP under Pressure: Rethinking Solutions to the CAVSARP System’s High Head without Breaking the Bank
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Central Avra Valley Storage and Recovery Project (CAVSARP) was designed to recharge and recover Central Arizona Project (CAP) water in response to water quality issues in Tucson and is supplied by 60-in. welded steel pipe (WSP) and a 54-in. high-density polyurethane (HDPE) pipe. As a pressure system, the head characteristics have been a challenge, since CAVSARP was commissioned. There is a large elevation difference upstream to downstream, so control valve cavitation is a concern at the upstream turnouts with downstream turnouts experiencing low head issues. In 2019, the HDPE transmission main suffered a pipe failure, a 100-ft longitudinal crack. Though pipe replacement was recommended, replacing the flow control valves with plug valves was determined to be a viable alternative. After evaluation of several valves, a 20-in. eccentric plug valve proved to be a suitable solution for CAVSARP’s conditions and saved the utility’s CIP budget $18 million by avoiding pipe replacement.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.009 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".