Bi‐Functional Green Additive Anchoring Interface Enables Stable Zinc Metal Anodes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ions Batteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract As one of the most promising anodes for aqueous batteries, Zn metal faces uncontrollable side reactions and deleterious dendrite growth, which drastically compromise its cycle life and coulombic efficiency (CE). In this work, a bi‐functional and environmentally‐friendly high‐performance electrolyte is prepared by introducing maleic anhydride (MA) as an additive. In situ/ex situ experiments and simulation indicate that MA can enter the Zn 2+ solvated sheath to replace the distribution of some water molecules and form a cross‐linked hydrogen bond network with H 2 O to inhibit the side reactions caused by the decomposition of active water molecules. In addition, MA can induce uniform deposition of Zn by adsorption on Zn (002) crystal surface and inhibit dendrite growth. The symmetric cells assembled with MA as the electrolyte additive have a long cycle life of 4000 h at 25 °C and can be stably cycled for >400 h at −8 °C (1 mA cm −2 /1 mAh cm −2 ). In the presence of MA in the electrolyte, Zn//MnO 2 full cell shows good cycle stability over 200 cycles (N/P = 4.1). This study reports a simple and effective strategy for promoting the commercial application of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".