Optimizing Plant Biofactories: Enhancing Recombinant Protein Production in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i> through Phytoplasma Effectors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Molecular farming, which utilizes plants as biofactories for recombinant protein production, offers an innovative and cost-effective alternative to traditional expression systems. Despite its advantages, plant-based production faces challenges such as low transgene expression and protein instability. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of Nicotiana benthamiana axillary stem leaves to enhance protein yield. This study explored the development of N. benthamiana lines expressing TENGU without signal peptide (T-SP), a phytoplasma effector known to induce plant dwarfism and increase shoot growth. TENGU and other effectors, such as SAP05 and SAP11, were introduced to create phenotypic variations that favor recombinant protein production. This study aimed to optimize these transgenic lines for increased biomass and protein yields by leveraging vertical farming conditions for scalable production. The results demonstrated significant improvements in leaf number, biomass, and five times more soluble protein content in T-SP lines compared to control lines, suggesting a promising approach for efficient molecular farming.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".