Two newly cultivated eukaryotrophic flagellates represent distinct anaerobic lineages within Rhizaria
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT Endomyxans are a poorly sampled and incompletely resolved aggregate of Rhizarian lineages that fall outside Filosa and Retaria. Among them, “Novel Clade 12” (NC12; Bass et al. 2009) is an environmental clade comprised primarily of sequences derived from anoxic sediments, hitherto lacking a morphologically-characterised representative. We have cultivated a marine anaerobic eukaryotroph, SSF, that we identify as the first representative of NC12. SSF is a teardrop-shaped cell with two unequal flagella emerging a third of the way down the cell behind a distinctive row of refractile globules. The posterior end of the cell is filled with food vacuoles. There is a surface thickening discernible in light microscopy. We also describe another distinct anaerobe eukaryotrophic lineage, also cultivated from marine sediment: PG. It consists of large pyriform cells with a substantial trailing “tail” and two unequal flagella, the posterior exceptionally long. In small subunit ribosomal RNA gene phylogenies, it falls outside the characterised clades and forms a distinct novel rhizarian lineage in its own right. Together, SSF and PG represent two additional independent adaptations to anoxic conditions within Rhizaria.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".