Modification of the Chitosan Spray Coating on Pineapple Pulp as Adsorbent for Copper Ion Adsorption from Aqueous Solution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
One of the major toxicants for living things is copper which consists of ions form in most of the manufacturing wastewater treatment. The drain water before releasing it into the water source is desired to eliminate copper ions (Cu2+) by using adsorption. The bio-wastes as adsorbents applied in this work, such as a dried pineapple pulp (DPP), chitosan flake (CTS), and chitosan spray coating on dried pineapple pulp (CPP) have a surface area of about 45.34, 60.02, and 70.01 m2/g, respectively. The effective Cu2+ eliminated efficiency and adsorption capacity from the copper (II) sulfate in aqueous solution was high with the high surface area. At optimum operating conditions, i.e., initial feed concentration 250 mg/L, pH 6.0, temperature 30 °C, and adsorption time 1 h, the Cu2+ eliminated efficiency in the percentage of DPP, CTS, and, CCP was 63.89, 80.83 and 86.92%, respectively, and adsorption capacity was 31.95, 40.22 and 43.46 mg/g, respectively.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".