Looking With The Indigenous Gaze: An Exploration Of Indigenous-Made Films
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Indigenous film offers a place to represent Indigenous sovereignty, explore Indigenous futurity, and resist and subvert dominant narratives that are prevalent in society and mainstream media. Mainstream films featuring Indigenous peoples have historically been overpopulated with negative stereotypes that misrepresent a richly diverse, collective culture of multiple nations. Indigenous-made film offers a place of resistance to these hegemonic narratives. What impact do Indigenous women filmmakers have on challenging heteropatriarchal and colonial narratives that exist in the public imaginary? Rooted in gaze theory, this project takes an intersectional feminist approach to demonstrate the impact of films made by Indigenous women and demonstrate the power Indigenous-made film has in constructing an accurate representation of Indigeneity and the experiences of Indigenous women. Current researchers have examined the Indigenous gaze in film (Gauthier, 2015; Topash-Caldwell, 2020; Rice et al., 2020; Gauthier, 2021) and the impact of Indigenous films (Medak-Saltzman, 2017; Sonza, 2018; Romero, 2017; Beadling, 2016). While most researchers within the field use case study or thematic analysis to conduct their research, this project will contribute to this growing field by using a content analysis and semi-structured interviews to analyze Indigenous-made films. Using Indigenous Methodologies to frame this project, this project will conduct a close reading and content analysis to demonstrate the storytelling tactics used in three Indigenous films made by women. Categories chosen for a content analysis are Indigenous Sovereignty, Violence, and Representation of Indigenous Women. To supplement the content analysis, semi-structured interviews with Indigenous filmmakers and industry professionals will be done to provide further analysis of the films analyzed in this project. By conducting interviews, it will center Indigenous women’s voices within the conversation surrounding the impacts of Indigenous film. This project will contribute to the field in further developing research on the Indigenous gaze and its power to confront and subvert heteropatriarchal and colonial narratives.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.008 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.015 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.009 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".