Atomic Phosphorus Sites for Anchoring Platinum–Tungsten Dimers to Facilitate Proton Transfer in All‐pH Hydrogen Evolution
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Bimetallic single‐atom‐dimer (SAD) with unique electronic structures and adsorption properties presents exceptional catalytic performance owing to atomic‐level synergistic effects from direct bonding between different metal atoms. However, inherent characteristics of substrate present great challenges in their synthesis and mechanism investigation. Herein, a unique phosphorus modified atomic layer deposition (P‐ALD) strategy is designed to synthesize P‐anchored Pt–W dimers, overcoming substrate limitation (Pt 1 W 1 –P/C). Motivated introduction of atomic P site via ALD can effectively anchor one‐to‐one AB bimetallic dimer structure on various substrates, confirmed by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Density functional theory reveals an interatomic synergistic adsorption mechanism, with W as primary hydrogen adsorption site extending to Pt, optimizing hydrogen coverage, leading to 60‐fold increase in mass activity compared to commercial Pt/C in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes. Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer with ultra‐low loading Pt 1 W 1 –P/C (50 µgPt cm −2 ) catalyst operates durability at 1000 mA cm −2 for 550 h with ultra‐low degradation of 38 µV h −1 . Operando XAS confirms hydrogen adsorption pathway between atoms and remarkable self‐healing ability of P–Pt–W–O sites under all‐pH conditions. These findings extend the application domain of SAD to catalytic manufacturing methods and aid in designing advanced materials with multi‐atomic active sites.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".